It is mandatory to submit a thesis for graduation in the last year. My thesis title was “Museum”. It’s an honor to be able to design something that is both impressive and important for a country. Everyone is obsessed with the latest trends and losing interest in art and history. We need a society where everyone can be taught these skills again. People will return to art and history with better support.
The last semester saw some successful architectural projects including a bus-stop, guest house, nursery school, apartment, and guest house designs. The title of “Military Museum”, has been chosen because the following objectives are being met: * People need more time to focus on history and cultural heritage. These museums must be better designed and contain more data. * To improve the knowledge of the nation’s military history.* To make people appreciate their country’s heroes. * To preserve and pass on the country’s military and cultural history.* To attract tourists.* To make the country’s history more accessible to all. The history of Myanmar Navy should be archaized.
Museums offer valuable knowledge. It is an institution open to the public that preserves and exhibits cultural or historical heritage. Museums inspire us to look back and learn. It preserves cultural and historical material. Its architecture and the museum are the national standard.
(Lewis 2017) stated that “Museum” derives its name from “Mouseion”, a Greek word that means “seat of Muses”. It was described as a philosophical organization, or a place to discuss and observe in Roman times. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the term “Museum,” was used to describe a building that housed cultural material. As museums responded to their creators, the emphasis on the building became less important and eco museums, which combine outdoor environments with museums, were created. Virtual museums are also available online in an electronic format. The virtual museums are similar to real museums in that they offer benefits and opportunities, but they still need to be able to collect, preserve, and clarify the facts and material made by the actual museums. Museums are a long-standing tradition that dates back to Ancient Greece. Many of the first museums were privately owned and established by wealthy people. Later, they were made available to the public.
There are many types museums throughout the world. The following are the (18) types museums that can be classified:
Fish tanks* Anthropological exhibits*
Art Museums*
Botanic Garden*
Children’s Museums*
*Historical Houses
Museums devoted to the study of past events
*Museums of State and Local History
Armies’ historic collections of artifacts and memorabilia
*Nature Centres
Institutions devoted to the scientific study of nature and the objects associated with it, such as natural history museums.
Museums that focus on science and technology
Sculpture Gardens*
Transportation Museums*
Visitor Centres* Zoos
Phayre Museum, Naing, 1980 claimed that this was the country’s first museum. It is named after Sir Aurthur Phayre. Phayre was a commander in Bago Division. The Phayre Museum, which is now Yangon General Hospital, was built in 1871 in the Yangon Agri-Horticultural Society’s gardens. Bagan Archaeological MuseumAccording the (Department of Archaeology and National Museum. 1997), Bagan Archaeological Museum is located near Ar Nandar Pagoda. It was the British’s first museum to take over Myanmar after the war. The museum’s artifacts were destroyed in World War II, so they were left buried. The Ministry of Union Culture, established in 1952 after Myanmar regained its independence in 1948 and began to try to reopen this museum.
1945 saw the reopening of Bagan Archaeological museums. Museum collections grew, so a new, octagonal-shaped institution was required. It was constructed in 1979. The present Bagan Archaeological museums was inaugurated on April 17, 1998. The First Museums of MyanmarThe Sri Ksetra Archaeological Museum was one of the first museums to be established in Myanmar. It was located in Hmawza Village, Pyay. In the 1900s, Epigraphy Department discovered and collected antiquities around Sri Ksetra. In 1907, a small building known as Thayet Taw Museum (located near Sri Ksetra’s ancient palace) was built to store these items. It was destroyed in 1915 and Kyaukka thein was built in its place as the first museum in Sri Ksetra. The Monastery Museum and Kyaukka Thein Museum now share the same building. They were built in 1960.
Myauk-U Archaeological Museum in Myanmar is one of the first museums. Shwebo also has an early museum. The Indian government initially funded the museum, but it soon became impossible to maintain it permanently. It is now being replaced by Shwebonyadana Palace museum, which was opened in 1999 and built in 1994. Mandalay had another museum in its early days. The Mandalay Palace Museum was the name of this museum, which was founded in Mandalay Palace City in 1905. This collection, which included objects related the Palace, was destroyed in a fire during World War II bombing. National Museum (Naing 1980)National Museum In June 1952, the National Museum opened at the Jubilee Hall Building, Shwedagon Pavoda Road.
Gradually, the collection grew and the Royal Lion Throne, which was originally kept at the President’s Residence, was transferred to the National Museum. It was moved to Pansodan Street in 1968. This building was an old private bank. Twenty-five more years later, it moved to its current location in Pyay Road. (Naing, 1980)
Giebelhausen (2006) suggests that war materials collections rose in popularity during colonial periods as the military power increased. In colonial times, the monarchs and noblemen ruled the armies. The King and his armies’ power is illustrated by the loot and treasure he has gathered from foreign lands after battles. In the early days, war materials were only used as symbols of military power. Losses and defeats were ignored.
In the latter part of the 19th century, democracy and nationalism encouraged museums in the west to become more formal. The military strategy changed drastically after World War I. Armories became more than just warehouses. These changes helped people to understand wars and the implications for society. The need to have a common identity for all generations and a permanent memorial for the heroes of war. This would eventually lead us to military museums. (Szacka 2013; Malvern 2000). Countries started to create larger museums dedicated to military history, instead of local collections.
The Imperial War Museum is an English museum that honors the lives and memories of those who have suffered during World War I. It is the first museum that commemorates a whole war. England was among those countries trying to recover from World War I’s losses and sought out a physical and memorial record. (Hacker, 2013, et. al.) It was also stated by the United States that it felt the need for recognition of pieces of its history even though Europe was home to most World War I memorials. The number of military museums increased dramatically in Europe after World War II. They were places where you could celebrate victory or remember those who died. At the end the 20th century, they became places to celebrate victory and remember the sacrifices of their ancestors. They are still a popular tourist attraction.
Humidity (Littlefield et al. 2008) state that full air conditioning is required to manage extremes in temperature and humidity. For extreme climates and proper moisture, air conditioning must be installed. If an electrostatic system is required, it should not exceed the limits of what can be done to protect the ozone layer.
David Littlefield stated that museum lighting was a complex topic. It is crucial to find the right balance between artificial and natural lighting. All collection items should be protected from direct sunlight. Direct sunlight can cause chemical changes in fragile materials. Therefore, it is important to eliminate UV radiation from any collection item. Below is a table that shows the maximum recommended light dose for each category of collection item. These amounts can be achieved by limiting the amount of light that is used to illuminate collection items during visit hours. The eyes can only adapt to sudden changes in lighting, and extreme contrasts in brightness within the field of view, so it is best to avoid abrupt changes.
Littlefield says that sound should not be transported through structures. The provision of functional zones with sub- or surface materials to dampen the impact sounds and isolate cavities from disrupting structural sound transmission should be considered. The appropriate choice of materials for floors, walls, and ceilings should control noise levels. It is also important to shape interior spaces to avoid unwanted amplifying effects and flutter. I will simplify and say that low-frequency sound penetrates less by structural mass. Mid-frequency sound diffuses and absorbs surfaces. High frequency sound is blocked by air gaps.
The Defense Services Museum in Yangon was first opened on March 24, 1994. It is then moved to Naypyidaw, Myanmar, on November 18, 2010. It was located at the intersection of Panthra and Shwedagon pagoda roads. It consisted of six booths and was three-storey. It covered an area of about 100000 sq. feet. On 18 March 2012, the Defense Services Museum in Naypyidaw was officially reopened. In February 2010, the Chiefs of Government gave instructions for the selection of site location, the design of buildings, and the decision of site plans. It covers 603.68 acres.
Six booths can be found for Army, three for Navy, and three for Air Force. Three Guest Lounges have corridors, rest areas, and souvenir shops. This museum displays the history of the Armed Forces from its inception in 1945 to today. To tell the story of each field’s history, short movies are shown in theatres.
The area for Army open-air exhibition is 10.58 acres. The area for Air Force’s open-air exhibition is 9.87 acres. The area for Navy’s open-air exhibition is 9.87 acres. There are three monumental statues representing the Army, Air Force, and Navy. A water fountain, covering 20.25 acres, is located in front booth A-1. It is intended for recreation. You will also find (4) pools and (2) stone gardens. There are also four car parking spaces that can accommodate (300) vehicles. Over 400 000 trees and plants can be grown on the 316.41-acre area. To allow wheel chairs to travel between booths, corridors have been constructed. For elderly people, those with disabilities, or visitors who require wheel chairs, there are three elevators at booth A-6 to A-11. All buildings are equipped with (502) air conditioning to ensure preservation of museum materials and comfort for visitors.
The Canadian War Museum was established by the Ontario Cast-In-Place Concrete Development Council (2018, Ontario Cast-In-Place Concrete Development Council), 8 May 2005. It is located at Ottawa. Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation is its owner. Construction costs $115 million. The museum was built in two years. The Ottawa River’s bank is where the building can be seen. The roof is mostly covered with grass. Concrete was chosen for its expressiveness as the building material of the Canadian War Museum. The building’s structure and finishing are made of concrete. The building is made up of tilting planes, which intersect at various angles. Some are very visible while others are less obvious. Concrete walls are formed from sloped floors at angles of 3 to 31 degrees. The tension and revolution created by war is evident in the colliding and sloping concrete walls. For sloped walls, the formwork contractor had to design diagonal braces that would support them after the formwork had been removed. The braces would have prevented the walls from being stable. You will need tension cables and steel buttresses.
